A few concepts about transparent and translucent objects

Transmittance
Transmittance, the ratio of transmitted spectral energy divided by incident spectral energy, different for each band, so it is a set of data.
Transmission
Transmission of light, is the total energy transmitted divided by the total energy of the incident light, taking into account the scattering (refraction) and direct emission.
Transparency
Transparency is the degree of light transmission, a concept that has been used in a number of fields. Broad indicators of transparency are transparent, sub-transparent, and translucent.
Transparent: transparent Transparent
transparency (also called pellucidity or diaphaneity) narrowly refers to transparency
translucent:
Translucent translucent
Translucency (also called translucence or translucidity) refers to semi-transparency
Refraction (also called translucence or translucidity)
Transparency (one of two narrow categories of transmitted light)
Haze (%) Haze, the degree to which light is scattered through a light source.
Total Luminous Transmittance (%) Total transmittance, total transmittance
Diffuse Transmittance (%) Diffuse transmittance; Diffuse transmittance; Diffuse transmittance ratio
Transmittance: The ratio of incident luminous flux to the transmitted luminous flux;
Refraction: the phenomenon of a change in the direction of propagation is called the refraction of light.
Reference:
1. transmission of light: reflection and transmission
http://www.siggraph.org/education/materials/HyperGraph/illumin/transmis0.htm
2、ASTM D1003-13
HazeandLuminousTransmittanceofTransparentPlastics
3、Transmittance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmittance
4、Transmission
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission
5、Transparency
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency